An Approach to Nodal T- and NK-Cell Lymphomas—A Systemic Review

Abstract T-cell lymphomas are rare neoplasms that have complex pathology. The multiparameter approach has been recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of taking into account morphology, immunophenotype, genetics, and clinical features. This also includes division established on possible cell-of-origin (COO) from T regulatory or T-follicular helper (TFH) cells. recent WHO-HAEM5 classified entities as precursor T-lymphoblastic neoplasms, mature Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related T- NK/T-cell lymphomas, tumor-like lesions with T-cells predominance. Distinct recognized within anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) family founded status kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement: ALK-positive molecularly heterogeneous ALK-negative. arising TFH cells consists three distinct nodal entities: angioimmunoblastic-type, follicular-type, not otherwise specified. These show significant immunophenotypic overlap. cases do qualify ALCL labelled peripheral lymphomas-not specified after ruling out EBV-positive NK- lymphoma. new category termed predominance a high chance to be misdiagnosed such Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease, indolent proliferation, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. For pathologists, diagnosing may thought-provoking due their broad histopathologic spectrum mimics reactive well other neoplastic processes. review provides comprehensive diagnostic criterion most commonly encountered NK in day-to-day training an algorithmic approach.